Asphalt Pavers – Classification and Design
An asphalt paver is a road construction machine designed to spread and compact asphalt during road construction. Structurally, the machine consists of a cab, a self-propelled chassis, and a working tool. It varies in body type, power, and paving width.
Article Contents:
Operating Principle
The first layers of asphalt were observed in 1932, and it was developed by Billen Green from the USA. Over nearly 90 years, the technology has been significantly improved, but the operating principle has remained virtually unchanged.
The machine operates in conjunction with rollers and a blade. The first is used for final compaction of the laid layer, and the second is for delivering the asphalt mix.
The asphalt stimulator operates as follows:
- Receiving the working mix using a dump truck;
- Transferring the entire mass to the auger video chamber;
- Distributing the asphalt across the width with the support of augers;
- Preliminary compaction and leveling with the support of special beams/vibrators.
The process is controlled by special detectors that monitor the following parameters:
- Asphalt feed to the auger;
- Inclination of the asphalt slab laid horizontally;
- Layer thickness, taking into account the set data.
Operating the machine is an important skill. When operating it, it is performed from inside the cabin or on a special platform. A license to operate this equipment is required. For information on obtaining one, please visit volgograd. prava112. com/spectehnika/asfaltoukladchik
Equipment
Structurally, the asphalt layer consists of a base unit and a working unit. Let’s briefly review the functions of the main components.
Binders and Loaders
A hopper for asphalt mix, delivered from a freight car, is located in front of the machine. A collecting stream for loading follows the dump truck, eliminating the need for vehicles to overtake and ensuring the required amount of material is loaded over a long period of time.
Some machines feature drop-down sides, allowing for larger transport capacities and improved cleaning performance. Scraper feeders feed the mix through special gaps to the auger. After this, the asphalt layer remains virtually unchanged.
Is it true that a hydraulic drive was noticed that ensures uniform supply and control of the amount of asphalt in the video camera? The command is transmitted by a command to increase the composition by an ultrasonic locator or a special tip.
Trimberd and Ironing Board
The main organs of the asphalt layer are considered to be a beam and a slab, which are connected by an aqua-block and, with the support of a lever mechanism on the frame, are strengthened by hydraulic cylinders with subsequent assembly. Components and functions:
- BARUS – makes a mixture at a set amount;
- The slab levels the plane and, in addition, expresses the proletarian composition.
To increase the power of the stove during operation, it vibrates and heats up. Heating is carried out using propane burners or electronic heating. The first option is faster and more environmentally friendly. The second method avoids a large number of checks and reduces the risk of explosion.
With the right settings, the level of compaction can be so strong that you can become a compactor without it. The average degree of pressure of the asphalt composition reaches 98%. But almost all road workers often do not limit themselves to asphalt, but use the same rollers.
SCHNEKI
They are attached to the sidewalk body, which is considered the last permanent device. Used for laying cheap asphalt over the entire width. The device is represented by 2 devices on the left and right sides. According to the rules, the length of the screw and the width of the strip must be the same.
Depending on the history, mechanical augers or hydraulic devices can be used. 2 Option is larger than the carriageway, but allows for a quick change of lane width in the direction of the change. If the asphalt width is 2 or more times the normal width, mechanical sections must be used.
The speed of rotation of the screws is adjusted depending on 2 characteristics – orientation / volume. By adjusting the thickness of the asphalt, the placement of the substance in question is also adjusted to optimize the process.
Asphalt Pit Classification
Before you buy a layer of asphalt, you need to create some special equipment that you need. These machines are available in paving widths depending on the appearance of the chassis or power. Let’s look at systematization in more detail.
Paving Width
Based on this indicator, one can judge the relevance of using asphalt and recognize the speed of completing assigned tasks. Symbolically, all cars are divided into a number of categories based on width:
- 1-3 m – small-sized vehicles for restoration and repair work on a small section of the road, often used on pedestrian paths;
- 2-4. 5 m-concern to create a lane up to 3-3. 75 m wide, this allows you to keep cars moving in one lane;
- 2. 5-7. 5 m is a suitable option for creating a two-lane section of road up to 6-7. 5 m wide without strange joints;
- 3-9 m-IS-IS-IS, which was used for the construction of roads of the 1st and 2nd categories with two lanes and without visible seams;
- 3-12m – Large size and high-performance technology suitable for producing three lanes simultaneously with side sections.
Chassis Type
Based on this characteristic of asphalt, one can judge the possibility of its use to solve the task at hand, as well as determine the complexity and volume of the planned work.
The vehicle chassis consists of two types:
Caterpillar. Caterpillar machines are very efficient and suitable for large projects, such as the construction of a commuter highway or airport runway. They have a wide range of styling. They differ in the number of supports – two or four. They can be equipped with rubber or steel tracks. This feature increases movement speed and makes movement smoother.
Wheel. Wheeled paving slabs have low or medium productivity and are distinguished by a relatively small coverage width (up to two lanes).
They are used for the construction of road surfaces in small areas, for example, within a city, village or yard. Bicycle technology has a number of advantages: higher speed, several chassis options (from two to four axles).
Performance
In addition to asphalt dimensions and chassis characteristics, power must be considered. This parameter depends on the size of the machine, engine power, weight, operating speed, etc.
There are two types of asphalt pavers based on performance:
- Mini. They are compact and maneuverable, capable of solving small tasks, and are suitable for use in the city and on construction sites. They weigh up to 6000 kg. Operate at speeds up to 250, 000 kg per hour. The width of the block/web is from 1 to 3. 5 m. The price of asphalt pavers is about $50, 000;
- Means. Universal asphaltUsed for the construction of various types of road surfaces. Weighs from 6, 000 to 10, 000 kg. They can spread between 250 and 700 tons of pavement per hour. Laying width is up to 5 m. The cost of such machines is above 60-70, 000 dollars;
- Tough. Large asphalt paving machines with high productivity. Suitable for complex tasks. Copes with the creation of high road surfaces. Weighs 10, 000 kg. They differ in capacity of 700-950 T/h. Immediately create 2-3 lanes with a total width of up to 12 m. The purchase of such devices can cost from 100, 000 USD and more.
What technical characteristics should be considered when choosing
An essential point to pay attention to when choosing a paver is the characteristics. The current market offers a large selection of models that differ in volume and technical parameters, design features and equipment. The necessary characteristics include Vogele Super 1800-2:
Properties Importance
| Chassis type | Caterpillar |
| Laying width/thickness, cm | 10/30 |
| Power, t/hour | 700 |
| Laying speed, m/min | 24 |
| Bunker capacity, t | 13 |
| Speed, KM/hour | 4,5 |
| Engine power, l. mit. | 173 |
| Weight, t | 20 |
| Dimensions (LxWxH), m | 5. 2×2. 55×3. 8 |
| Price, million rubles | 9 |
Conclusion
It is not easy to overestimate the advantages of this technology, because with its support it is possible to create road surfaces of various types. If the price is very high, then renting an asphalt layer will help during the case. This technique allows you to reduce costs and solve the problem. When choosing, it is important to take into account the type, functions and technical characteristics of the devices.
